Personality science has made great strides in industrial, work and organizational psychology over the past two decades by documenting the myriad of workplace behaviors and attitudes that personality predicts. In this presentation, I will focus on how structure and spectrum of personality measurements can be utilized for workplace applications such as employee selection and development. Personality constructs range between maladaptive positive and negative extremes, with the middle normal range representing typical (i.e., “normal” or adaptive) traits. Both adaptive and maladaptive personality construct space is characterized by hierarchy (including general factor of personality, meta-traits, Big Five factors, aspects, and facets), lack of simple structure (resulting in compound traits indicating more than one personality domain), and bipolarity. Implications for work-oriented assessments and predictive validity will be discussed.