The diagnostics of personality pathology is likely to undergo profound changes in the near future. Empirical research has demonstrated that the previous diagnostic systems in DSM-IV and ICD-10 had too many problems to be carried forward. Thus, DSM-5 features a proposal for an alternative diagnostic model whose (dis-)advantages are presently debated. In this workshop I will briefly recount the problems with previous diagnostic models, and then introduce the new, alternative approach, discussing its relative strengths and limitations. In doing so, basic conceptual questions will play an important role (e.g., are personality problems medical or ethical in nature?). Furthermore, I will give an overview of recent empirical research into the new approach, and highlight areas in need of further investigation.